Optical Attenuator An optical attenuator is a passive optical component that reduces optical signal power according to a specific rule or ratio, lowering the output optical power to the required level. It is widely used in optical communication systems, such as adjusting optical power levels, balancing optical path power distribution, and testing the performance of optical devices. Common types include fixed attenuators and variable attenuators, with various attenuation principles and methods (e.g., absorptive, reflective, scattering-based). Optical Isolator An optical isolator is a unidirectional passive optical component whose core function is to allow light to pass in one direction while blocking reverse-directional reflected light. This prevents reflected light from interfering with the light source or other components in the system, ensuring the stability of optical signal transmission. It is widely used in optical communication, laser systems, and other fields.